Tam sim no ntawm Transformer: Thawj vs Secondary + Formulas

tam sim no ntawm transformer: Phau Ntawv Qhia Tswv Yim (Nrog Cov Qauv thiab Tiag -Cov Piv Txwv Ntiaj Teb)

Yog tias koj puas tau ua kom loj me me, teeb tsa kev tiv thaiv relay, lossis txheeb xyuas seb vim li cas lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua kom tsis muaj zog, koj twb paub lawm tias kev tau txais kev tuav ntawm tam sim no ntawm transformer yog hom loj.

Yooj yim muab, tam sim no ntawm transformer yog qhov ntws ntawm hluav taws xob txav los ntawm cov windings. Tab sis nws tsis yog ib txwm nyob ruaj khov. Nyob ntawm seb muaj dab tsi tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrogib txwm load tam sim no, ib tug trickle ntawm tsis muaj -load tam sim no, los yog tam sim ntawd, plab-wrenching surge ntawm inrush tam sim no thaum koj thawj energize qhov khoom.

Cia peb tau txais ib yam ncaj nraim ntawm tus puav:transformer tsis tsim tam sim no.Nws tsuas yog ib tus neeg nruab nrab, hloov lub zog ntawm kev siv hluav taws xobelectromagnetic induction. Tam sim no ntau npaum li cas ntws yog nyob ntawm ob peb qhov chaw txav: qhov voltage, lub peev xwm ntawm transformer (kVA), lub load koj tau dai ntawm nws, lub hwj chim, thiab txawm lub transformer tus kheej efficiency.

Yog tias koj yog ib tus kws tshaj lij, hluav taws xob, lossis kev siv thev naus laus zis, cov khoom no tseem ceeb. Vim li cas? Vim tias koj xav tau nws rau kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, xaiv cov kab hluav taws xob zoo, tsim cov phiaj xwm tiv thaiv, thiab -cia peb ua siab ncaj- daws teeb meem thaum txhua yam mus rau sab.

Hauv phau ntawv qhia no, peb yuav taug kev musthawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no, qhov piv txwv tam sim no, tsis muaj -load tam sim no, ntsuas tam sim no, thiab qhov pesky inrush tam sim no. Thiab yog, peb mam li muab pov rau hauv qee qhov piv txwv suav ua kom nws ua tau zoo.

Txhua transformer muaj ob lub ntsiab windings:lub hauv paus (txuas rau koj lub hwj chim qhov chaw) thiab theem nrab (txuas rau koj lub nra).

Thawj qhov tam sim no (Ip)yog tam sim no kos los ntawm cov khoom siv.

Secondary tam sim no (Is)yog tam sim no xa mus rau lub load.

Ntawm no yog txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo: qhov loj dua lub transformer (kVA siab dua), qhov ntau tam sim no nws tuaj yeem tawm. Me transformers? Lawv tau ua rau lub luag haujlwm sib zog.

Rau qhov zoo tagnrho transformer (theoretical, tsis poob), input zog sib npaug zog tso zis:

Qhov twg:

V_p​= Thawj qhov voltage

V_s= Secondary voltage

I_p​=Thawj qhov tam sim no

I_s​=Secondary tam sim no

Qhov no yog vim li cas akauj ruam -down transformerpoob qhov voltage tab sis cranks li tam sim no. Lub hwj chim nyob ntawm tib yam, tab sis qhov voltage - tam sim no pauv - tawm yog tiag.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no los mus rau qhov sib piv. Txij li thaum voltage nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm lem nyob rau hauv txhua winding:

Thiab vim lub hwj chim tau txais kev cawmdim (dua, hauv lub ntiaj teb zoo tagnrho):

Qhov no kuj txhais tau tias:

Hauv lus Askiv dawb: tam sim no txav mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov voltage. Yog tias koj nqis qis qis ntawm 11 kV mus rau 400 V, koj yuav zoo dua ntseeg tias qhov tam sim no theem nrab yuav siab dua qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no.

Piv txwv li: xam qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no

Cia peb hais tias peb muaj ib tug transformer nrog:

Thawj qhov hluav taws xob: 10,000 V

Secondary voltage: 400V

Secondary tam sim no: 500 A

Lub ntsiab tam sim no yuav yog:

Yog li, koj thawb500 A ntawm qis- voltage sab, tab sis tsuas rub txog20 A los ntawm siab -voltage sab. Nyob rau hauv ib tug tiag tiag - ntiaj teb transformer, cov zauv no hloov me ntsis vim lub ntsiab poob, tooj liab poob, thiab to flux- yog li input hwj chim yog ib txwm me ntsis siab tshaj cov zis.

Ib qho kev xav tsis zoo: "Yog tias tsis muaj kev thauj khoom, lub tshuab hloov pauv tsis ua dab tsi."

Tsis yog. Nws tseem tab tom kos ib qho me me ntawm tam sim no. Qhov no yog hu uatsis muaj -load tam sim no(los yog exciting / magnetizing tam sim no). Txawm hais tias qhov thib ob qhib, thawj zaug xav tau me ntsis kua txiv los tswj cov hlau nplaum hauv cov tub ntxhais. Ib feem ntawm qhov tam sim no tsim cov magnetic teb, thiab tus so npog cov tseem ceeb poob los ntawm hysteresis thiab eddy tam sim no.

Qhov no tsis muaj -load tam sim no feem ntau yog ib feem me me ntawm cov ntsuas tam sim no. Ntawm qhov loj dua, zoo dua -tsim transformers, nws tseem qis dua ua tsaug rau kev txhim kho cov khoom sib nqus thiab kev tsim kho.

Thaum koj txuas lub thauj khoom mus rau sab thib ob, qhov thib ob tam sim no nce raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog ntawd.

Piv txwv li, siv lub tshuab muaj zog. Tam sim no nws kos nyob ntawm nwsqhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiab lub zog hluav taws xob. Koj tuaj yeem kwv yees load tam sim no siv:

Qhov twg:

P=Load zog

V=Voltage

PF=Lub zog muaj zog

Raws li qhov thib ob load nce, thawj sab cia li kos ntau tam sim no kom phim. Qhov no feem ntau hu uareflected tam sim no, vim tias qhov kev thov thib ob yog "rov qab" rov qab mus rau thawj zaug los ntawm electromagnetic induction.

Covntsuas tam sim noyog covsiab tshaj tam sim noLub transformer tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm nws qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab kVA peev xwm. Feem ntau koj yuav pom qhov no ntawmnpelos yog xam nws los ntawm qhov ntsuas.

Paub txogpuv load tam sim noNws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum koj xaiv cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, cables, busbars, lossis cov khoom siv tiv thaiv. Khiav lub transformer saum nws cov ntsuas tam sim no ntev dhau lawm, thiab koj yuav tau txais cua sov ntau dhau, kev tiv thaiv kev laus sai, thiab lub neej luv dua.

Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tshaj plaws uas koj yuav khiav mus rau -hloov kVA rau amps. Nov yog yuav ua li cas nws ua tiav.

Tib -Phase Transformer

Piv txwv 1: 5 kVA Tib-Phase Transformer
230V:

Yog li, qhov thib ob puv -load tam sim no yog hais txog 21.7 A.

Peb -Phase Transformer

Qhov twg VLLVLL yog kab - rau - kab hluav taws xob.

Piv txwv 2: 50 kVA Peb-Phase Transformer
400V:

Yog li, tag nrho -load tam sim no yog kwv yees li 72.2 A.

Piv txwv 3: xam qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no los ntawm Secondary Current

Muab:

Thawj qhov hluav taws xob: 11 kV

Secondary voltage: 415V

Secondary tam sim no: 1000 A

Siv qhov piv txwv tam sim no:

Thawj qhov tam sim no tawm mus txog 37.7 A.

Inrush tam sim noyog tam sim ntawd, ib ntus surge koj tau txais thaum koj thawj zaug hloov lub transformer rau. Nws tsis kav ntev, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntau zaus ntau dua li qhov ntsuas tam sim no -thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv.

Vim li cas nws tshwm sim? Thaum qhov hluav taws xob tau siv thawj zaug, cov hlau nplaum sib nqus hauv cov tub ntxhais tuaj yeem tshaj tawm cov qib ib txwm muaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj cov hlau nplaum seem tshuav los ntawm lub sijhawm kawg nws tau khiav.

Txhawm rau zam kom tsis txhob mob taub hau no, cov kws tsim khoom ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev xaiv cov khoom tawg, lub sijhawm- cov nkhaus tam sim no, tswj kev hloov pauv, thiabtiv thaiv relaychaw.

Lawv ob leeg sib nqus hauv qhov, tab sis lawv tsis yog tib yam:

Puas yog transformer kos tam sim no tsis muaj load?
Yog lawm. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tsis muaj -load tam sim no peb tau tham txog - nws xav tau nws kom tswj tau cov flux thiab npog cov ntsiab lus poob.

Yuav ua li cas koj xam thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no?
Siv cov qauv kVA thiab voltage saum toj no. Thiab nco ntsoov txoj kev sib raug zoo:

Vim li cas thawj qhov tam sim no qis thaum lub thib ob qhib?
Vim tsis muaj load xav tau lub zog. Lub hauv paus tsuas yog muab cov me me magnetizing tam sim no thiab core poob.

Lub transformer puas tuaj yeem kos ntau tshaj qhov ntsuas tam sim no?
Yog, tab sis feem ntau tsuas yog luv luv xwb. Cov overloads ib ntus yuav ua tau zoo nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, tab sis tsis tu ncua overloading yog ib txoj hauv kev nrawm rau rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm thiab lub neej luv.

Thawj thiab theem nrab tam sim no txav mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov voltage.

Qhov ratio tam sim no ua raws li qhov hloov pauv.

Txawm tias tsis muaj load, lub transformer kos ib co tam sim no.

Koj tuaj yeem suav cov ntsuas tam sim no los ntawm kVA thiab voltage.

Cov qauv loj kom nco qab:

Tib -theem:

Peb theem -:

Inrush tam sim no yog ib ntus tab sis yuav tsum tau suav rau hauv kev tiv thaiv tsim.

Tau txais kev xav zoo rau tam sim no ntawm transformer tsis yog kev kawm nkaus xwb- nws pab koj xaiv cov iav zoo, ua kom cov tshuab txhim khu kev qha, thiab pom cov teeb meem ua ntej lawv tig mus rau qhov tsis zoo.

Hu rau tam sim no