Yog tias koj tau xav paub tias hluav taws xob ua li cas los ntawm lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob mus rau koj lub tsev -tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob deb - lo lus teb yog ib feem ntawm qhov pom qhov pom. Ahigh voltage fais fab mov transformeryog ib lub tshuab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb hluav taws xob tag nrho. Cov transformers no txav lub zog zoo ntawm circuits, thaum tseemnce lossis txo qis voltageraws li xav tau. Thiab ncaj ncees, yog tias tsis muaj lawv, daim phiaj hluav taws xob niaj hnub no yuav tsis ua haujlwm li peb cia siab rau niaj hnub no.
High voltage transformers feem ntau khiav hauv ntau yam xws li69kV txog 765kV(thiab qee zaum txawm siab dua rau ultra-siab-voltage systems). Lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog qhov yooj yim hauv lub tswv yim:
nce voltagentev - kis tau tus mob yog li tam sim no nyob qis qis (uas pab txo qhov poob-yog, txoj cai Joule classic tseem ceeb ntawm no: P=I²R).
Kauj ruam voltage rov qabntawm substations yog li lub hwj chim yuav nyab xeeb thiab siv tau rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Hauv lwm lo lus, lawv yog tus choj ntawm "tiam" thiab "lub neej tiag."
Nws Ua Haujlwm Li Cas (Thiab Dab Tsi Hauv)
Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm txhua high voltage transformer yogelectromagnetic induction, nrhiav tau los ntawmMichael Faraday. Thaum alternating tam sim no ntws los ntawm lubthawj winding, nws tsim ib tug hloov magnetic teb nyob rau hauv lub core. Qhov hloov magnetic teb ces induces voltage nyob rau hauv lubtheem nrab winding.
Covtig rationruab nrab ntawm ob lub windings yeej qhia koj seb qhov voltage yuav hloov li cas.
Niaj hnub no lub high voltage transformers yog engineered nrog ob peb yam tseem ceeb:
Core:Feem ntau ua los ntawmsilicon steel laminationslos yog tej zaumamorphous hlau, feem ntau los txo hysteresis thiab eddy tam sim no poob.
Cua txias:Feem ntau ua los ntawmtooj liab los yog aluminium, ua tib zoo insulated thiab tsim los daws cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo.
Rwb thaiv tsev system:Feem ntauroj- daim ntawv impregnated, cov khoom siv hluavtaws tshiab (xws liester kua), los yogqhuav - homsystems tsim los tiv thaiv dielectric tawg.
Tank thiab txias system:High voltage transformers ua kom muaj cua sov ntau. Ntau yam yog cov roj- puv nrog cua txias uas siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, cov roj yuam, lossis cua txias.
Bushings thiab tap changers:Bushings txuas lub transformer mus rau daim phiaj, thaumntawm -load tap changers (OLTC)pab tswj qhov voltage txawm tias thaum lub transformer nqa load.
Lwm qhov kev siv hluav taws xob tiag tiag xav txog yogefficiency. Niaj hnub nimno high voltage transformers tuaj yeem ncav cuagtshaj 99% efficiency, tab sis txawm tias me me poob ntxiv mus rau lub zog loj loj pov tseg thoob plaws lub zog loj. Yog li cov tuam txhab tsim kho txhim kho kev tsim qauv siv simulations thiab tsom xam cov ntsiab lus finite-vim txhua feem ntawm ib feem pua suav.
Hom High Voltage Fais Fab Transformers
Transformers tsis yog txhua tus tsim ib yam, thiab engineers feem ntau faib lawv raws li lawv lub luag haujlwm thiab kev tsim kho.
Koj feem ntau yuav hnov txog:
Fais fab transformers(rau high voltages thiab loj muaj peev xwm)
Fais fab transformers(rau qis voltage networks)
Autotransformers(muaj txiaj ntsig thaum qhov sib piv voltage tuaj yeem ua tiav tus nqi ntau dua - zoo)
Theem - hloov pauv hloov pauv(pab tswj lub zog khiav hauv cov kab sib txuas)
Hloov transformers(tseem ceeb rauHVDC links)
Ces tseem muaj covcua txias thiab rwb thaiv tsev mus kom ze, xws li:
Roj-cov qauv tsim(tseem lub ntsiab rau high voltage, vim hais tias lawv tuav cua sov thiab rwb thaiv tsev zoo)
Qhuav- hom transformers(ntau siv hauv cov nroog lossis qhov chaw uas muaj kev nyab xeeb hluav taws thiab txo cov roj spilling teeb meem)
Gas{0}}insulated transformers (GIT)(siv SF6 lossis lwm cov pa roj carbon monoxide-feem ntau haum rau qhov chaw- txwv kev teeb tsa)
Vim Li Cas Lawv Tseem Ceeb Ntau Tshaj Li Puas Tau Rau Kev Rov Ua Dua Tshiab
Lub zog tauj dua tshiab tau loj hlob sai, thiab qhov ntawd hloov pauv tag nrho cov duab xa mus. Hnub ci thiab cua sab nraud feem ntau tsim hluav taws xob nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw uas tib neeg siv nws tiag tiag. Yog li daim phiaj xav tau ntev - kis tau tus mob nyob deb - thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov uas cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau nce ntxiv.
Hauv ntau qhov haujlwm txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, transformers pab nqa qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob mus txog qib sib kis xws li220 kV, 500 kV, lossis ntau dua.
Thiab thaum nws los txog rau kev txav ntau lub zog ua haujlwm tau zoo nyob rau hauv qhov ntev heev,HVDCsystems yeej ci. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshwj xeebconverter cov khoom sivtuaj ua si.
Lub teb chaws tau thawb lub hnab ntawv ib yam nkaus. Piv txwv li, Tuam Tshoj tau siv ultra-siab-voltage systems-UHV AC mus txog 1,000 kVthiabUHV DC nyob ib ncig ntawm ± 800 kV- qhia tau hais tias kev siv tshuab kis tau tus mob nyob deb npaum li cas txaus siab mus.
Kev tsim khoom, kuaj, thiab kev kuaj xyuas zoo (tsis muaj kev kwv yees tso cai)
Kev tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab tsis yog kev ua haujlwm xws li- nws yog qhov tseeb engineering.
Cov chaw tsim khoom siv hnyav- cov khoom siv ua haujlwm winding, lub tshuab nqus tsev kom qhuav, thiab cov tshuab kho roj. Tom qab kev tsim khoom, txhua lub tshuab hloov pauv feem ntau dhau los ntawm kev lees paub lub Hoobkas nruj. Qhov ntawd tuaj yeem suav nrog:
fais fab zaus tiv thaiv kev sim
impulse voltage xeem
kev kuaj xyuas ib nrab
ntsuas kub nce
Cov qauv kuj ua lub luag haujlwm loj. Cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb zoo liIEC 60076: UathiabIEEE C57teeb tsa kev cia siab rau kev tsim, kev sim, thiab kev ua tau zoo, pab kom cov tshuab hloov pauv no tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom xws li xob laim, hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab luv luv- lub zog hluav taws xob dhau qhov lawv xav tau30-40 xyoo lifespan.
Kev Kho: Ua kom lawv noj qab nyob zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev
Txawm hais tias high voltage transformers tau tsim tawv, lawv tseem xav tau kev saib xyuas. Qhov xwm zoo yog tias kev saib xyuas niaj hnub no ua rau nws yooj yim dua los ntes cov teeb meem ntxov.
Cov pab pawg siv hluav taws xob feem ntau siv:
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem sab hauv thaum ntxov los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov pa roj hauv cov roj insulating
Thermal duabkom pom cov hotspots
Kev vibration tsom xamrau mechanical kev txhawj xeeb
Kev kuaj hluav taws xobkom paub meej txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ua haujlwm
Thiab niaj hnub no, ntau cov cuab yeej tau dhau los ua "ntse". NrogIoT sensorsthiab txawm tias cov ntsiab lus ntxaib digital, ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov xwm txheej nyob ze ntawm lub sijhawm. Kev saib xyuas kev kwv yees tuaj yeem pab kwv yees lub neej tseem tshuav thiab kev npaj hloov pauv -yog li tsawg dua transformers poob sai sai thiab tsim kim, cuam tshuam.
Qhov ntawd yog lub hom phiaj, txawm li cas los xij. Tsis muaj leej twg xav tau qhov kev npaj txhij txog tawg.
Cov Kev Sib Tw Ua Ntej (Thiab Dab Tsi Ntxiv)
Kev lag luam transformer tsis muaj mob taub hau.
Qee qhov teeb meem tshwm sim muaj xws li:
Aging transformer fleetsnyob rau hauv daim phiaj laus (ntau tus neeg mus txog qhov kawg- ntawm- lub neej)
Kev txwv kev xa khoomrau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, xws li nplej- taw qhia hluav taws xob hlau thiab tooj liab
Environmental siab thawb raubiodegradable kuathiabSF6-dawb lwm txoj kev
Tab sis innovation tseem txav mus ib yam. Qee qhov ua tau yav tom ntej muaj xws li:
Superconducting transformers, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov loj thiab qhov poob loj heev
Nanomaterial- txhim kho rwb thaiv tsevlos txhawb kev ua tau zoo thiab durability
3D- cov khoom luam tawmtxhawm rau txhim kho kev tsim khoom yooj yim
"Ntse transformers" uas sib xyaw transformer ua haujlwm nrog cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau kev tswj kab hluav taws xob zoo dua -tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab EV them nyiaj nce ntxiv
Yog li ntawd, lub neej yav tom ntej yog saib nquag, tsis nyob twj ywm.
Kev xav zaum kawg
Thaum kawg ntawm lub hnub, lubhigh voltage fais fab mov transformeryog ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis "tawm ntawm pom, tawm ntawm lub siab"-kom txog thaum koj paub tias tag nrho daim phiaj nyob ntawm nws. Nws ntsiag to txhawb txhua yam los ntawm cov chaw nyob deb nroog mus rau lub nroog substations, pab kom hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha, muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab ua kom muaj zog raws li qhov xav tau loj hlob.
Raws li lub ntiaj teb leans nyuaj rau hauv lub zog huv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim phiaj, kev nqis peev hauv kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob zoo dua qub tsis yog pab tau xwb - nws yog qhov tseem ceeb. Thiab txawm hais tias peb nyiam nws los yog tsis, cov transformers yuav nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm yuav ua li cas niaj hnub hluav taws xob tshuab evolve.
