Transformer Core Materials thiab tsim cov ntsiab lus
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog lub plawv ntawm txhua lub zog hloov hluav taws xob - nws yog qhov sib nqus hluav taws xob uas txhua yam nyob ntawm. Cov ntaub ntawv uas koj xaiv thiab seb koj tsim nws li cas nws muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau tsis muaj -load poob, tag nrho efficiency, suab nrov, loj, thiab tau kawg, nqi.
Common Core Materials
Feem ntau cov transformer cores niaj hnub no poob rau hauv ob pawg loj: cov khoom siv crystalline tsoos thiab lub zog tshiab dua -txuag amorphous lossis nanocrystalline sawv daws yuav. Qhov kev xaiv feem ntau yog los ntsuas qhov saturation flux density, core poob, nws yooj yim npaum li cas los tsim, thiab tus nqi.
Silicon Steel (Grain -Oriented Hluav Taws Xob Hlau)Qhov no tseem yog qhov kev xaiv dav tshaj plaws - nws ua tau li ntawm 90% ntawm kev ua lag luam. Nws yog qhov yooj yim hlau nrog me ntsis ntawm silicon (feem ntau txog 3-4.5%), dov rau hauv cov ntawv nyias, feem ntau 0.23 txog 0.35 hli tuab rau cov qauv 50/60 Hz transformers.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm nws? Nws muaj qhov siab saturation point (nyob ib ncig ntawm 1.9-2.0 T), nws kuj pheej yig, yooj yim rau punch thiab pawg, thiab nws tuav tau zoo mechanically. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws muaj qhov poob siab dua piv rau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj -load tej yam kev mob, thiab qhov poob yuav tshwm sim yog tias koj thawb lub zaus ntau dua.
Amorphous Alloy (Metallic iav)Cov no yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau-raws li alloys uas tau txias heev ceev, tsim kom tsis muaj-crystalline, iav- zoo li cov qauv. Cov ribbons yog super nyias - tsuas yog 20 mus rau 35 micrometers.
Qhov txiaj ntsig loj yog qhov qis dua tsis muaj -load poob - feem ntau 60-80% tsawg dua silicon steel - thiab qis dua tam sim no. Lawv kuj zoo ib puag ncig thiab pov tseg cov khoom siv tsawg dua thaum tsim khoom. Nyob rau sab ntxeev, qhov saturation flux ceev yog qis dua (li 1.5-1.6 T), yog li koj xav tau ib qho tseem ceeb me ntsis. Lawv kuj nkig, rhiab heev rau txhua yam kev ntxhov siab, thiab me ntsis kim dua pem hauv ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev faib cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom qis lossis cov khoom sib txawv (xav tias cov kab sib chaws nyob deb nroog lossis kev tsim hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab), kev txuag hluav taws xob feem ntau them rov qab cov nqi ntxiv rau lub sijhawm.
Nanocrystalline alloyQhov no yog qhov kev xaiv ua tau zoo -. Koj pib nrog cov khoom siv amorphous thiab tom qab ntawd muab nws ua tib zoo tsim cov pob zeb nanoscale me me sib xyaw nrog cov theem amorphous.
Nws muab rau koj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub ntiaj teb no: poob qis heev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau ntau zaus), siab permeability, thiab saturation zoo. Qhov tsuas yog drawbacks yog tus nqi siab dua thiab xav tau ntau dua kev tsim khoom. Feem ntau koj yuav pom cov no nyob rau hauv siab - zaus hloov- hom khoom siv, nruab nrab- zaus transformers, los yog txiav- ntug khoom- xeev transformers.
Core Design Basics
Thaum tsim cov tub ntxhais, cov engineers feem ntau sim tsim txoj kev sib nqus zoo tshaj plaws thaum ua kom poob, huab cua tsis zoo, thiab suab nrov tsawg li lawv tuaj yeem ua tau.
Nws muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los tsim nws:
Laminated (Stacked) Cores- txoj hauv kev classic. Cov ntawv nyias nyias tau muab tso ua ke, feem ntau hauv E-I lossis cov duab kauj ruam. Kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov ntawv pab txiav cov eddy tam sim no, tab sis cov pob qij txha inevitably tsim cov pa me me.
Qhov mob Cores- feem ntau nrog amorphous ribbon. Cov khoom raug mob tsis tu ncua mus rau hauv toroidal lossis peb -dimensional shapes. Qhov no muab txoj hauv kev zoo sib nqus nrog tsawg qhov sib txawv, uas txhais tau hais tias kev poob qis, zoo dua symmetry, thiab ua haujlwm ntsiag to.
(nias daim duab kom paub ntau ntxiv txog peb cov khoom)
Qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim qauv uas tseem ceeb heev:
Stacking Factor: Qhov no qhia koj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tub ntxhais qhov chaw geometric yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hlau. Cov qauv zoo tsom rau 0.93–0.98. Txawm tias kev txhim kho me me ntawm no tuaj yeem pom tseeb txo qhov poob.
Kev sib koom tes tsim: Yuav ua li cas koj sib tshooj los yog miter cov pob qij txha (qib-piv los yog 45℃mitered pob qij txha yog nrov) ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv kev txo cov dej tsis zoo thiab cov cua sov hauv zos. Cov pob qij txha zoo dua kuj pab txo qis suab nrov.
Cua Gap Control: Txawm tias me me qhov sib nqus ua kom muaj qhov sib nqus tam sim no thiab poob, yog li cov tuam ntxhab mus rau ntau qhov teeb meem kom txo tau lawv - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov khoom siv amorphous brittle, uas tsis nyiam txhua yam kev ntxhov siab.
Lwm yam uas tseem ceeb xws li xaiv qhov kev khiav hauj lwm flux ceev (feem ntau yog 1.5-1.7 T), kom zoo annealing los txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, thiab ua tib zoo siv lub tshuab clamping kom txhua yam ruaj khov thiab nyob ntsiag to.
Tam sim no, kev tswj hwm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov hom phiaj txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide tau thawb ntau lub tuam txhab mus rau amorphous thiab qhov txhab- cov qauv tsim. Silicon steel tseem ua tau zoo dua, nrog thinner, qis dua - cov qhab nia poob tawm txhua lub sijhawm.
