Dab tsi yog qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntxhib?

Reactor yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam engineering thiab txheej txheem kev lag luam. Nws ua rau cov tshuaj lom neeg. Lawv txawv heev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim qauv, txoj cai ua haujlwm thiab daim ntawv thov, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Kab lus no yuav tshawb txog ntau yam tshuaj reactors, feem ntau yog lawv hom, cov qauv, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev siv.

Hu rau tam sim no

1. Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv

1.1 batch reactors
Batch Reactors yog lub thawv uas muaj cov reagents muab tso rau hauv nws rau txhua pob cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ua tiav, tom qab ntawd cov khoom raug rho tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd cov pob tom ntej pib. Thiab cov reactors no tau siv dav hauv qee cov chaw xws li cov tshuaj chemical thiab cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb yog qhov qis dua thiab cov qauv kuj sib txawv ntau.
Qhov Zoo:
Cov txheej txheem sib txawv cov khoom
Yooj yim los tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Qhov tsis zoo:
Nws yog cov khoom seem qis dua, muaj kev hwm rau lub sijhawm, piv rau cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv.
1.2 Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txuas ntxiv mus txuas ntxiv
Nyob rau hauv cov nruam reactors, reactants yog pub rau cov reactor tsis tu ncua uas ces muab cov khoom lag luam uas ntws tas li. Cov tshuaj reactor no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj loj, zoo li petrochemical thiab bulul tshuaj lom neeg.
Qhov Zoo:
Siab dua ua haujlwm thiab khoom lag luam.
Constant cov khoom zoo.
Qhov tsis zoo:
tsis yoog tau yooj yim nrog hloov cov khoom lag luam sai heev.

2. Kev faib tawm raws theem

2.1 Homogeneous Reactors Reactors
Homogeneous reactors, lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov reagents yog tag nrho cov kua lossis txhua yam roj. Yog li cov kev sib txawv ntawm cov kev sib xyaw no tuaj yeem ua rau kev sib xyaw thiab sib tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm zoo dua, nws yooj yim dua kom tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv peb xav tau.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Feem ntau pom siv nyob rau hauv fermentation thiab lwm yam theem ua kua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
2.2 Heterogeneous Reactors
Lub heterogeneous reactor yog ib qho nyob rau hauv uas cov reasants nyob rau ntau theem, roj {{khoom {{{zaub mov. Cov tshuaj reactors no tau siv nrog rau cov txheej txheem catalytic uas cov catalyst yog nyob rau theem sib txawv ntawm cov reactants.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Petrochemicals cov txheej txheem thiab catlyst hloov.

3. Cov kev faib tawm raws li kev mob ntawm kev siv

3.1 yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
OstoticMal reactor tswj qhov kub tsis tu ncua thaum lub sij hawm tawm tsam. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tawm tsam uas muaj kev pab kub zoo tshaj plaws uas txhais tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav khiav ntawm qhov sib xws thiab tawm los.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Feem ntau pom thaum biochemistry thiab rhiab rau qhov kub hloov:
3.2 tsis -} cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
nonethermalStorstorstorstorstorstegosUsocchangenmallatthermallattheroctionoccurs no feem ntau suav nrog kev cuam tshuam rau extration lossis endable kub tiam los yog nqus.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Siv qhov twg qhov ntsuas kub yog xav tau rau qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws.

4. Thaum Tshav Kub Kub Hloov raws li kev faib tawm

4.1 Adiabatic reactors
Adiabatic reasen tsis tuaj yeem xa cov cua sov los yog los ntawm ib puag ncig, xws li cov cua sov uas tsim los yog nqus tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab hauv tus reactor. Qhov kev siv reactor no feem ntau siv thaum kev tswj hwm kub thaum lub sij hawm ua kev tawm tsam yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Cov roj av; ntau rau qhov uas peb xav nyiam qhov cua sov ua haujlwm.
4.2 tsis -} adiabatic reactors
Tsis -} adiabatic reactors pauv kub nrog ib puag ncig uas muab rau peb qhov ntsuas kub zoo dua qub uas muab rau peb qhov ntsuas kub zoo dua. Thiab qhov kev hloov pauv no yog qhov xav tau yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ua raws li kev kub ntxhov heev.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Haum rau loj - teev tshuaj tsim tshuaj uas cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub.

5. Kev cais tawm raws li catalysis

5.1 Catalytic reactors
Tshuaj lom neeg cov kev tshua nyob hauv catalytic reactor tshwm sim sai dua vim tias siv catalysts uas tsis muaj kev noj. Thiab cov reactors no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem kev muaj kev pab los ntawm kev pab cov kom ua tau zoo thiab xaiv tau.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Ntau yam hauv kev tsim cov ammonia (cov txheej txheem khuam) thiab hauv roj av ua kom zoo nkauj.
5.2 Tsis -} catalaltic reactors
Tsis - catalaltic reactors tsis muaj catalysts, yog li lawv tsuas yog nyob ntawm cov khoom ntuj ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom zoo. Cov hom ntawm cov tshuaj reactors no yooj yim txawm tias yuav xav tau ntau txoj hlua hluav taws xob rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv batch thiab qhov twg catalyst tsis ua haujlwm.

6. Kev cais tawm raws kev tsim qauv

6.1 Ntsug Cov Roj Hmab Reactors (PFR)
Plate cov tshuaj kub khiav ntawm cov ua kom zoo li cov tshuaj ua kua uas mus dhau ntawm reactor li "ntsaws," Tsis muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke. Cov qauv tsim no zoo heev ntawm kev ua haujlwm tas li, thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj loj.
Qhov Zoo:
Feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov siab, tsis muaj tub ntxhais.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Nws pom ntau ntau nyob rau hauv cov kab ntau lawm ntawm polymer & tshuaj lom neeg.
6.2 CSTstr: Nruam Storred Tank Reactor
CFS tau ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tau sib xyaw tau zoo heev kom cov neeg sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm cov reactor. yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv yog tias peb xav tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom raug stopred txuas ntxiv.
Qhov Zoo:
Zoo rau thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau ceev cia nyob rau tib theem.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Tuaj yeem pom hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev lag luam pov tseg.

7. Kev faib tawm raws li nplai

7.1 Kuaj Furvorors
Revatory receators refering rau cov me me - scale scale rechat siv rau kev sim thiab tshawb fawb. Kev ntsuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej txav mus rau kev lag luam kev lag luam, ntsuas kev tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Siv dav hauv R & D kom ua kom zoo dua cov tshuaj tsis zoo.
7.2 Muaj Reactors
Muaj cov kev ua tau zoo yog cov tshuab loj siv rau kev ua ntau yam ntawm ib zaug. Cov tshuaj reactors no tau tsim los daws cov tshuaj reactants, thiab lawv tau tsim los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Pom hauv kev tsim tshuaj siv tshuaj, tshuaj, thiab lub zog hluav taws xob ntau lawm.

8. Kev faib tawm raws lub hom phiaj

8.1 Cov tshuaj tua hluav taws
Cov tshuaj lom neeg siv tau siv rau kev hloov tshuaj sib txawv xws li cov hluavtaws, polymerization thiab decompositioning cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv yog rau qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qee cov khoom lag luam:
8.2 Bioreactors
Bioractor yog ib tug reactor rau cov txheej txheem biological xws li cov txheej txheem roj ntsha zoo li bioferependors thiab bio - culture. Lawv tuaj yeem muab cov ib puag ncig xav tau rau kev tswj hwm ntawm kev tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev tswj kom sov, pH kev tswj hwm pH thiab cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig.
Cov Ntawv Thov:
Siv dav hauv cov chaw ua tshuaj, biofuels, thiab khoom noj.

Cov tshuaj reactor kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua cais raws li cov qauv sib txawv raws li kev paub txog nws cov qauv, kev ua haujlwm thiab cov ntawv thov. los ntawm batch lossis txuas ntxiv cov reactors. Los yog tej zaum homogenous lossis heterogenic, lawv txawv hauv lub hom phiaj tab sis muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo li. Raws li thev naus laus zis kev nce qib, peb tab tom tsim ntau hom kev tsim kho reactor thiab kev teeb tsa, thiab vim li cas los xij, qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ua tau ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab kev lom zem. Cov kev faib tawm ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ib yam nkaus li cov kws tshawb fawb paub txog cov tshuaj reactor uas yuav yog apt rau lawv. Yog li, lawv tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab ua kom nws nyob ntev.